Clinical Trial: The Role of Inflammasome in Inflammatory Macrophage in Mycobacterium Avium Complex-lung Disease and Mycobacterium Abscessus-lung Disease

Study Status: Completed
Recruit Status: Unknown status
Study Type: Observational

Official Title: The Role of Inflammasome in Inflammatory Macrophage in Mycobacterium Avium Complex-lung Disease and Mycobacterium Abscessus-lung Disease

Brief Summary:

  1. To investigate the inflammasome response of inflammatory and resting macrophage derived from healthy human participants by stimulation using MAC or MAB bacilli.
  2. To compare the difference of inflammasome response of inflammatory macrophage by MAC/MAB bacilli stimulation between MAC/MAB-LD patients and the colonizers.
  3. To study the diagnostic aid from immunological markers in inflammasome response in inflammatory macrophage stimulated by MAC/MAB.

Detailed Summary:

Lung disease (LD) due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) becomes an important clinical concern, because the incidence and prevalence of NTM-LD have increased over the last decade. Among the NTM-LD in Taiwan, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and M. abscessus (MAB) are the most frequent pathogenic species. Because MAC and MAB exist in the environment ubiquitously, clinical relevance of MAC isolated in sputum is only around 35~42%, and that of MAB is around 33%. According to the guideline of the American Thoracic Society, the diagnosis of MAC-LD and MAB-LD is based on clinical, radiographic, and mycobacteriologic criteria. For microbiology criteria, two or more sets of positive sputum mycobacterial culture for the same NTM species within one year is required. Actually, mycobacteria culture is neither timely nor efficient, which needs weeks to wait the results, especially for the slowly growing NTM. Moreover, the nucleic acid amplification method cannot discriminate true NTM infection and solely colonization because airway NTM colonization is not uncommon. Therefore, diagnosis of true NTM-LD is a big challenge in clinical practice. However, to early diagnose and then start treatment of NTM-LD is important because NTM-LD may be rapid lethal in critical status or in patients without early proper treatment. Hence, more rapid and accurate diagnostic test should be developed.

The body inflammatory markers are probably indicators for differentiating true NTM-LD from pulmonary colonization and interferon-gamma (IFN-g) play a critical role in protective immunity to mycobacterial infections. However, serum IFN-g poorly correlated with diagnosis of NTM-LD and possibly due to the hosts with attenuated cellular immunity and the presence of IFN-gamma inhibitor. By contrast, macrophages are the first-line defense while mycobacterial bacilli enter through airway and may play an important
Sponsor: National Taiwan University Hospital

Current Primary Outcome: survival [ Time Frame: one year ]

Original Primary Outcome: Same as current

Current Secondary Outcome: the amount of cytokine released by inflammatory macrophage [ Time Frame: Day 1 ]

Original Secondary Outcome: Same as current

Information By: National Taiwan University Hospital

Dates:
Date Received: November 26, 2013
Date Started: November 2013
Date Completion:
Last Updated: June 27, 2014
Last Verified: June 2014