Clinical Trial: Early Induced Hypernatremia for the Prevention and Management of Brain Edema

Study Status: Not yet recruiting
Recruit Status: Not yet recruiting
Study Type: Interventional

Official Title: Early Induced Hypernatremia for the Prevention and Management of Brain Edema in Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in a University Hospital

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to estimate the effect of an early induced hypernatremia protocol (150-155 milliequivalent/L) versus normonatremia plus mannitol (135 - 145 milliequivalent/L) in terms of neurologic outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury managed at critical care unit.

Detailed Summary:

Severe traumatic brain injury is one of the main causes of death in young people. Additionally, it is considered a public health problem because of the high prevalence of motor and cognitive dysfunction in those who survive.

One of the cornerstones of management is the control of both intracranial pressure and brain edema. It is indicated to use osmotic active solutions to modulate the transit of fluids from the interstitial to the intracellular space. Not only mannitol but also hypertonic saline acts at this point. Currently there is no evidence in favor or against one of them.

Mannitol has been usually recommended for intracranial pressure control in patients with brain trauma. However, others recommend hypertonic saline to achieve a serum sodium level of 160 milliequivalent/L to modulate brain edema. It is not clear if these therapies have an impact on the neurologic prognosis and how frequently adverse effects occur.


Sponsor: Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe

Current Primary Outcome: Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended [ Time Frame: 6 months ]

The Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) is a global scale for functional outcome that rates patients into eight categories. The categories of severe disability, moderate disability and good recovery are subdivided into a lower and upper category. The scale will be used to evaluate the patient through a phone interview at 6 months of the trauma occurred. The structured interview contains nineteen specific questions which determine upper or lower levels of disability.


Original Primary Outcome: Same as current

Current Secondary Outcome:

  • All-cause mortality [ Time Frame: 28 - day AND 180 - day mortality ]
    Mortality by any cause
  • Ventilator - Free Days [ Time Frame: 30 days ]
    Days free of mechanical ventilation at 30 days
  • Fluid balance. [ Time Frame: 5 days ]
    Net fluid balance (input minus output) (ml) at day 1,2,3,4 y 5.
  • Acute kidney injury [ Time Frame: 7 days ]

    Acute kidney injury (KDIGO criteria). The criteria for acute kidney injury(AKI) are based on changes in serum creatinine (SCr) and urine output.

    Stage I : Increase in SCr more than 1.5 times baseline, which is known or presumed to have occurred within the prior 7 days OR increase in SCr more than 0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours OR urine output <0.5 ml/kg/h for 6-12h.

    Stage II : Increase in SCr between 2.0 - 2.9 times baseline, which is known or presumed to have occurred within the prior 7 days OR urine output <0.5 ml/kg/h for more than 12 hours.

    Stage III : Increase more than 3.0 times baseline, which is known or presumed to have occurred within the prior 7 days OR Increase in serum creatinine to 4.0 mg/dL OR Initiation of renal-replacement therapy OR urine output <0.3 ml/kg/h for more than 24 hours OR Anuria for more than 12 hours.

  • Intracranial pressure (ICP) measurement [ Time Frame: 5 days ]
    Intracranial pressure measurement (mmHg) during the first 5 days at the ICU. Estimate the effect of therapies to control intracranial pressure. An intraparenchymal catheter will used to measure the ICP. Intracranial pressure (ICP) will be measured every hour. Intracranial hypertension will be defined as ICP > 20 mm Hg lasting longer than 5 minutes.
  • Need of second line therapies for brain edema [ Time Frame: 7 days ]
    Secondary decompressive craniectomy or barbituric coma for control of brain edema.
  • All-cause mortality according to subgroups of monitoring: guided by neurologic examination and serial CT imaging or guided by intracranial pressure monitoring. [ Time Frame: 28 - day AND 180 - day mortality ]
    Estimate the effects of therapies on mortality according to subgroups of treatment (guided by neurologic examination and serial CT imaging or guided by intracranial pressure monitoring).
  • Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) according to subgroups of monitoring: guided by neurologic examination and serial CT imaging or guided by intracranial pressure monitoring. [ Time Frame: 6 Months ]
    Estimate the effects of therapies on the GOSE according to subgroups of treatment (guided by neurologic examination and serial CT imaging or guided by intracranial pressure monitoring).


Original Secondary Outcome: Same as current

Information By: Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe

Dates:
Date Received: May 21, 2016
Date Started: January 2017
Date Completion: December 2019
Last Updated: June 8, 2016
Last Verified: June 2016