Clinical Trial: Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Versus Lidocaine in Treating Masticatory Myofascial Face Pain Using Ultrasound and EMG Guided Techniques

Study Status: Terminated
Recruit Status: Terminated
Study Type: Interventional

Official Title: Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Versus Lidocaine in Treating Masticatory Myofascial Face Pain Using Ultrasound and EMG Guided Techniques

Brief Summary:

Botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) prevents the release of acetylcholine in presynaptic terminals of the neuromuscular junction. It has been proposed to be effective in spastic conditions of the head and neck including oromandibular dystonias, bruxism, and muscular hypertrophy (1,2,3,4). However, only one randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled trial has been completed involving 20 patients demonstrating both objective and subjective improvement in the BTX-A treated group over those treated with saline at one week, one month, and six months (5).

Currently, in most orofacial pain practices, when the diagnosis of masticatory myofascial pain in the head region is made, patients are treated with a standard myofascial protocol. This protocol involves stretching, application of moist heat, spray and stretch, and lidocaine trigger point injections into the masticatory muscles. This is considered the standard of care among most orofacial pain practioners.

There have been no randomized, double-blinded, head-to-head trials comparing BTX-A injections to lidocaine injections in the treatment of masticatory myofacial pain. Moreover, in all studies, muscles were targeted using surface landmarks with no confirmatory tests to guarantee the medication was administered to the intended muscle. In previous studies, the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles, important masticatory muscles that is often hyperactive in masticatory myofacial pain was not injected due to lack of palpable surface landmarks. Ultrasound and electromyography (EMG) guidance will help us locate these muscles.

The purpose of this study is to objectively measure functional improvement in patients with masticatory myofascial pain injected with lidocaine versus BTX-A. A pilot study enrolling 20 patients is proposed. 20 patients

Detailed Summary:
Sponsor: University of California, Los Angeles

Current Primary Outcome: Clinical Response as Assessed by >20% Change From Baseline in the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS) Global Score [ Time Frame: 4 months ]

The JFLS contains 20 items that measure limitations across mastication, vertical jaw mobility, and verbal/emotional expression rated on a 0-10 scale where 0 = "no limitation" and 10 = "severe limitation."


Original Primary Outcome: clinical response [ Time Frame: 6 months ]

Current Secondary Outcome:

  • Clinical Response as Assessed by >20% Change From Baseline in the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS) Global Score [ Time Frame: 6 weeks ]
    The JFLS contains 20 items that measure limitations across mastication, vertical jaw mobility, and verbal/emotional expression rated on a 0-10 scale where 0 = "no limitation" and 10 = "severe limitation."
  • Clinical Response as Assessed by >20% Change From Baseline in the Pressure Pain Threshold [ Time Frame: baseline, 4 months ]
    measurements were obtained by placing examiner's index finger of the examiner on the area of the trigger point (hyperirritable areas on skeletal muscle with palpable taut bands of muscle fibers) and exerting pressure until there was whitening of the nail bed. Pressure pain levels were rated subjectively by the participant and coded numerically as mild (1), moderate (2) to severe (3).
  • Clinical Response as Assessed by >20% Change From Baseline in Jaw Opening [ Time Frame: baseline, 4 months ]
    maximum mandibular range of motion scores (measured as the maximum interincisal distance and compensating for occlusion)


Original Secondary Outcome:

Information By: University of California, Los Angeles

Dates:
Date Received: October 8, 2009
Date Started: October 2009
Date Completion:
Last Updated: November 2, 2016
Last Verified: November 2016