Clinical Trial: Smoking Influence on Apoptosis in Periodontitis
Study Status: Completed
Recruit Status: Completed
Study Type: Observational
Official Title: Influence of Smoking on Fibroblast Apoptosis in Patients With Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis
Brief Summary:
Apoptosis is an evolutionary form of physiological cell death. Studies suggest that apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) have an important role in the periodontal immune response. It is believed that HGF can be diminished and/or eliminated by means of apoptosis.
Smoking is one of the most common risk factor of periodontal disease. Studies indicated that smoking can increase the risk of periodontitis by enhancing the apoptosis of gingival fibroblast.
The purpose of this study is to determine and to investigate apoptosis of HGF in gingival biopsies collected from smokers and non smokers who are diagnosed with chronic periodontitis or aggressive periodontitis.
Eighty subjects will be invited to participate in this study. Patients will be allocated into four groups (20 patients each). Gingival biopsies will be obtained from the base of papillae during surgical treatment (open flap curettage) and will be examined by Immuno-histochemical analysis. Immune-staining will be done using p53 monoclonal mouse anti-human antibody.
Detailed Summary:
Background:
The mechanisms responsible for gingival tissue damage are poorly understood, and both immune-mediated reactions and direct cytopathic effects of bacteria maybe involved. Based on direct effect of bacteria in cell cultures, it has been suggested that apoptosis might play an important role in periodontitis (Chen 1994).
Programmed cell death (apoptosis) is normal physiologic process that contributes to maintaining tissue homeostasis. The process of apoptosis can be modulated by various stimuli hormones, cytokines, growth factors, infections and immune-responses (Renehan et al. 2001).
Among other factors, the products of two genes that encode protein p53 and Bcl-2 have been shown to play fundamental regulatory role in apoptosis. P53 is the protein product of tumor-suppressor gene, and expression of P53 can induce apoptosis. This protein is also implicated in the regulation of tissue dynamics, and is specifically thought to induce apoptosis in terminally differentiated cells, including inflammatory cells (Bulut et al.2006).
Fibroblast is a type of cell that synthesizes the extracellular and collagen in connective tissue. It plays a critical role in wound healing. Fibroblasts are the most common cells in connective tissue. The main function of fibroblasts is to maintain the structural integrity of connective tissue by continuously secreting precursors of extracellular matrix. it was reported that apoptosis levels increased in gingivitis and periodontitis (Jarenberg et al. 2002).
Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for many diseases, and recent evidence indicates that smoking adversely influences periodontal health. A number of epidemiologic studies have shown strong asso
Sponsor: Damascus University
Current Primary Outcome: P53 levels in gingival biopsy samples [ Time Frame: The measurement will be performed at T0 (baseline measurement) once the sample has been recruited ]
Original Primary Outcome: Same as current
Current Secondary Outcome: presence or absence of fibroblasts' apoptosis in the gingival tissues [ Time Frame: The measurement will be performed at T0 (baseline measurement) once the sample has been recruited ]
Original Secondary Outcome: Same as current
Information By: Damascus University
Dates:
Date Received: March 14, 2014
Date Started: April 2015
Date Completion:
Last Updated: March 15, 2016
Last Verified: March 2016
